region · Public research summary

North America: Air exposure and unequal conditions

A place-based exposure estimate can reveal population patterns while still missing an individual's time indoors, work and travel.

Educational only. Associations do not establish individual risk or diagnosis. Read the original sources and limitations.

Context

A place-based exposure estimate can reveal population patterns while still missing an individual's time indoors, work and travel.

Applicability

The Medicare air-pollution cohort covered adults aged 65+ in the continental US. PURE also included Canada.

Evidence gaps

The US cohort does not establish the same effect in younger people, Canada, Mexico or every local neighbourhood.

Scope

An editorial research lens, not a regional mortality ranking or an estimate of individual risk.

Sources

Explore the interactive atlas

Related public research

journal

Air Pollution and Mortality in the Medicare Population

Long-term PM2.5 and ozone exposure were associated with higher all-cause mortality, including in analyses below the standards evaluated at the time.

Read findings, sources and limitations

journal

The effect of physical activity on mortality and cardiovascular disease in 130,000 people from 17 countries: the PURE study

Higher recreational and non-recreational activity were associated with lower mortality and cardiovascular events across the included economic settings.

Read findings, sources and limitations

journal

Physical activity in relation to urban environments in 14 cities worldwide: a cross-sectional study

Residential density, street intersections, public transport density and parks were positively associated with measured physical activity.

Read findings, sources and limitations